Integrated landscape initiatives in Europe

Highlights

• Varied examples of landscape initiatives in Europe were collected and interviewed.
• Landscape initiatives foster integrated landscape management.
• They are hubs of multi-stakeholder coordination and learning experiences.
• Lack of financial, legal and political support undermines their potential.

Systematic analysis of European landscape initiatives

Landscapes are linked to human well-being in a multitude of ways, some of which are challenged by global market forces and traditional management approaches. In response to this situation there has been a rise in local initiatives to sustain the values of landscape. The aim of this paper is to provide a systematic analysis of the spectrum of these initiatives in Europe in terms of patterns of organisation, participants, resources, problems, and landscape values addressed. This review collects examples of integrated landscape initiatives from all over Europe through systematic internet key word searches and canvassing of European umbrella organisations; followed by an online survey of representatives from the identified initiatives (n = 71).

Holistic approach, learning hub are common elements

Our results show that the most relevant characteristics of integrated landscape initiatives in Europe are: a holistic approach to landscape management (acting in multifunctional landscapes and combining different objectives), the involvement and coordination of different sectors and stakeholders at many levels, and the role as agents of awareness raising and learning hubs. Integrated landscape initiatives mainly depend on impulses of local civil society. Identified barriers to their work include a lack of funding and institutional support. Therefore, political and societal action is needed to increase their effectiveness.

This article is available online only to those with access to Land Use Planning or for a fee. Please contact the corresponding author, Maria García-Martín.